The vernacular press in nineteenth century india served not just as newspapers but more importantly as viewspapers the press in india was largely an english institution. Brief note on vernacular press act 1878 study today. In british india, the vernacular press act 1878 was enacted to curtail the freedom of the indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward british. In 1878, the vernacular press act restricted the freedom of. Lord lytton was being bitterly criticized for the second angloafghan war 187880. Earlier, dramatic performances act 1876 was enacted to repress the writing and staging of the allegedly seditious dramas. Vernacular press act the indian arms act under lord lytton. Growth of the press during the rule of british in india. The first newspaper that appeared was weekly bengal gazette in 1780. He was already a respected leader, known internationally. History and development of indian press and press acts. The act was proposed by lord lytton, then viceroy of india, and was. British india, the vernacular press act act of 1878 was enacted to curtail the freedom of the indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward british policiesnotably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the second angloafghian war 187880. Indians knew that the british people did not know their language, so, they used this to their advantage and decided to communicate through newspapers which were published in.
Members on either side of the house of commons hinted at, but refrained from stating, the true issue. Lord lytton was being bitterly criticized for the second angloafghan war 1878 80. After 1858, the european press always rallied behind the government in political controversies while the vernacular press was critical of the government. The vernacular press act of 1878 was enacted to curtail the freedom of the indianlanguages press. So, in the best interest of the government, lord lytton passed the vernacular press act in 1878. History important dates helpline for icse students. It was an act which was passed by the colonial government to dam the freedom of press the act prodded the government with extensive rights top censor reports and editorials in the vernacular press. Proposed by lord lytton, then viceroy of india governed 187680, the act was intended to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of british. It received a lot of british criticism in the india. The vernacular press act was repealed by answers with.
Passed the infamous vernacular press act 1878 proposed the plan of statutory civil service in 187879 and lowered the maximum age limit from 21 to 19 years lord ripon 188084 repeal of the vernacular press act, 1882 the first factory act, 1881 to improve labour condition resolution of local self government in 1882. The vernacular press act after the revolt of 1857, the attitude to freedom of the press changed. The dissatisfaction with the british rule intensified in 1870s and 1880s. Lord bentincks encouragement john adams regulations were the forerunner of the vernacular press act of 1878 which both in concep tion and its application drew a clear distinction between the two sections of the press. Mar 12, 2015 the government struck back with the vernacular press act of 1878. Seven months have now elapssd since the vernacular. They were not allowed to speak or write against the britishers. Publisher and printer of a vernacular newspaper that nothing would be published against.
As vernacular newspapers became assertively nationalist, the colonial government began debating measures of stringent control. As a matter of fact, it is very difficult to distin guish the development of the press. Oct 04, 2011 the act was intended to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of british policiesnotably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the second angloafghan war 187880. Following the press regulations, the indianowned indian language papers seemed to have kept. John adams regulations were the forerunner of the vernacular press. In 1878, under the lord lyttons vernacular press act the indian. Earlier the government used to collect famine relief fund only during the time of famines, but lytton regularized the fund. In british india, the vernacular press act 1878 was enacted to curtail the freedom of the indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward british policiesnotably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the second angloafghan war 187880. The vernacular press act was passed on 14th march 1878 by lord lytton in british india. The press and literature played a very important role in moulding and shaping the national consciousness of the indians. In 1878, under the lord lyttons vernacular press act the indian newspapers were suffered, banned and stop their circulations.
Who first voiced the idea of a separate muslim state in india. The press and registration of books act 1867 is a result of many previous draconian laws being repealed and or being merged into one. The first factory act 1881 to improve labour conditions. Press act became law, and there has been no necessity for bringing the act into operation in any single. The present provincial famine code is based upon the famine committee reports to lyitons tenure. Class 10 cbse social sciences print culture and modern. After the 1857 revolt, the responsibility of ruling india was directly assumed by the british crown. Proposed by lord lytton, then viceroy of india governed 187680, the act was intended to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of british policiesnotably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the second angloafghan war 187880. In 1878, when this act was passed, the number of english newspapers was 20 and vernacular newspapers were 200. A bitter legacy of the 1857 revolt was the racial bitterness between the ruler and the ruled. In the 19th century there was a remarkable growth in publication. This act was passed with onset of the second anglo afghan.
Get information on the vernacular press in nineteenth century, india. The vernacular press saw various difficulties and hurdles in its way but not stopped its political awareness and freedom struggle until got independence for india in 1947 from the british imperialism. It was seen as being regulatory in nature because a more stringent act, the vernacular press act of 1878, was waiting in the wings. Hence the arms act and the vernacular press act were passed in 1878. Mar 15, 2020 therefore lytton restricted the liberty of the indian press by passing the vernacular press act in 1878. Lifeline udan was launched by the ministry of civil aviation to help india fight against covid19 the.
The vernacular press act vpa was designed to better control the vernacular press and effectively punish and repress seditious writing. This act empowered a magistrate to secure an undertaking from the editor. With reference to the vernacular press act, 1878, consider. Gandhiji aged 46, arrived in india in1915 from south africa. Vernacular press act, in british india, law enacted in 1878 to curtail the freedom of the indianlanguage i. The vernacular press act vpa was formulated to better control the vernacular press and effectively repress seditious writing. After the 1857 revolt relation between the british government and the indians turned bitter. The vernacular press act of 1878 was repealed by a lord ripon b lord minto c lord curzon d lord lytto ans. He passed the local selfgovernment act, land revenue policy resolution in 1882.
The act was intended to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of british policiesnotably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the second angloafghan war 187880. These vernacular newspapers made the people aware of the political affairs and now the people slowly started asking questions for their rights. The act was proposed by lord lytton, then viceroy of india, and was unanimously passed by the viceroys council on 14 march 1878. Act of 1878 which both in concep tion and its application drew a clear distinction between. The government struck back with the vernacular press act of 1878. Proposed by lord lytton, then viceroy of india governed 187680, the act was intended to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of british policiesnotably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the second angloafghan war 1878. Therefore lytton restricted the liberty of the indian press by passing the vernacular press act in 1878. Proposed by lord lytton, then viceroy of india governed 187680, the act was intended to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of british policiesnotably, the opposition that had grown. Vernacular press act 1878 complete details youtube. Indians knew that the british people did not know their language, so, they used this to their advantage and decided to communicate through newspapers which were published in vernacular language. Name an act which was passed by the british government to keep a regular track of the vernacular newspapers.
Ch11 the making of the national movement 1870 to 1947. The question before them was not whether the law was a good or bad one. The current press and registration of books prb act 1867 was squarely aimed at curbing what the british government thought was the role of the press in the revolt of 1857. In this video i have detailed the historical background of regulation of press in india from lord wellesley to gagging act of revolt of 1857. The vernacular newspapers and periodicals were subjected to strict censorship. Appendix to petition from inhabitants of calcutta and its vicinity, relating to. The story of the indian press economic and political weekly. The indian arms act of 1878 was enacted by legislated during lord lyttons time. So, in the best interest of the government, lord lytton passed the vernacular press act in. In british india, the vernacular press act 1878 was enacted to curtail the freedom of the indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward british policiesnotably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the second angloafghan war 1878 80. The government struck back with the vernacular press act.
The government started keeping regular track of the vernacular newspapers published in various provinces. The press act of 1910 was legislation promulgated in british india imposing strict censorship on all kinds of publications. Press act 1910 complete act citation 4062 bare act. Dmpq explain main features of vernacular press act, 1878. He is the first viceroy in india who repealed the vernacular press act 1882 and sympathized with the indian people. The vernacular press the vernacular press act was aimed at curbing the freedom of expression of leaders in their regional languages. Oct 18, 2011 in 1878, when this act was passed, the number of english newspapers was 20 and vernacular newspapers were 200. The vernacular press act of 1878, directed only against indian language newspapers, was conceived in great secrecy and passed at a single sitting of the imperial legislative council. Lord lytton wanted to control and regulate the vernacular press by his vernacular press act of 1878. Nov 03, 2018 the vernacular press act of 1878 was enacted to curtail the freedom of the indianlanguages press. The nationalist movement since 1883 gave an impetus to the development of the press in india. In 1878, when this act was passed, the there were 20 english newspapers while 200.
Which one of the following pertains to development with regard to aspects of development. Royal titles act 1876, queen victoria assuming the title of kaiserihind or queen empress of india. So, he promulgated the act with an aim to prevent the vernacular press from expressing criticism of british policies under him. In 1878, the vernacular press act was passed, modelled on the irish press laws. This act was passed with onset of the second anglo afghan war of 1878. It was passed under the governor generalship and viceroyalty of lord lytton. The act provided for the confiscation of the printing press, paper and other materials of a.
Vernacular press act of 1878 indian current affairs. Section 124a and other shortlived laws that curbed free speech the vernacular press act, 1878, repealed in 1881, the newspapers incitement of offences act, 1908, and the indian press. The regime of viceroy lord lytton is particularly noted for his most controversial press policy which led to the enactment of the vernacular press act on 14 march 1878. What led the colonial government to pass the vernacular press. Jun 30, 2017 he passed the royal title act in 1876, arms act, 1878 and vernacular press act 1878. The role of vernacular press in subcontinent during. Government resolution on local selfgovernment 1882. In british india, the vernacular press act enacted in 1878 to curtail the freedom of the indian i. He remarked that the whole purpose of most of the vernacular newspapers was an end to the british raj.
Famine commission in 1878 headed by general richard strachey after great famine in 18761878 vernacular press act 1878 putting back curbs on the vernacular newspapers due to severe criticism of lord lyttons administration foundation of the mohammedan anglooriental college in 1877 at aligarh press education the most liberal lord, kind. Vernacular press act, 1878 a highly controversial measure repressing the freedom of vernacular press. Later, the indian press act 1910 was repealed by lord reading 19211926. The vernacular press act was aimed at curbing the freedom of expression of leaders in their regional languages. It provided the government with extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the vernacular press. The press and literature played a very important role in moulding and shaping the. The vernacular press act was passed in 1878 for the better control on the language of newspaper. The measure was brought into effect to curtail the influence of indian vernacular and english language in promoting support for what was considered radical indian nationalism. The press was time and again fined, and censored for their publications against the british rule. Vernacular press act of 1878, proposed by lytton the then viceroy of india 1876 80was also known as gagging act and it was meant only for vernacular. Enraged englishmen demanded a clamp down on the native press. History important dates helpline for icse students class 10. In 1878,the vernacular press act was passed on the model of irish press laws. Not one member ventured to say out and out that the measure was, in his deliberate opinion, in all respects a good one.
It was passed under the governor generalship and viceroyalty of. What led the colonial government to pass the vernacular. Complete list of governor generals of india 1772 to 1950. The vernacular press act was repealed in december 1881 under the enlightened regime of lord ripon.
1276 698 778 535 1466 1252 225 395 1424 1428 715 1580 173 639 519 613 994 1476 1340 1479 452 1303 4 699 929 417 1176 39 274 383 401 57 149 1370 736 15